Determination of the Composition of Bio-Oils from the Pyrolysis of Orange Waste and Orange Pruning and Use of Biochars for the Removal of Sulphur from Waste Cooking Oils

Waste generated in the agri-food sector is a potential source of biomass and other products high added value. In this work, pyrolysis orange waste pruning was carried out to produce adsorbent biochars characterise bio-oils aiming for high-added-value compounds. Pyrolysis vertical tubular furnace on laboratory scale modifying temperature (400–600 °C), heating ramp (5–20 °C·min?1) reach previous inert gas flow rate (30–300 mL Ar·min?1) throughout furnace. The most suitable conditions obtaining biochar were found be 400 °C, 5 °C·min?1, 150 Ar·min?1 waste, 10 pruning. Thermogravimetric analysis showed higher thermal stability due its lignin content (20% vs. 5% wt. wet basis). bio-oil composition determined by GC-MS. Toluene 5-hydroxymethylfurfural main compounds bio-oils, while composed mainly 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone. Finally, removal sulphur from cooking oil assayed with both pruning, whose BET surface areas previously determined. Despite their low specific (?1 m2·g?1 up 24.3 biochars), these achieved reduction initial between 66.4% 78.8%.